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The
Do's and Don'ts for the Disabled
Page 2 of 5
On July 20, 1990 President Bush signed into
law the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) as
a pivotal piece of legislation. This new law requires changes in both business
and public facilities. Some of these changes are physical and cost money; others
involve adopting new attitudes toward people with disabilities.
The 1990's offers less job security for many,
but expands and enriches job possibilities for the disabled. You may be new to
the work force or in the middle of a career change. In either case this decade
will afford you a new job market as economic, political, and demographic
pressures close down old opportunities and open up new ones.
CPC Job Listing Database
When to disclose your disability
The decision to disclose your disability
and when to do so may be the single most important consideration in your job
search. This is a personal decision that has to be made for each job lead
you pursue and will be based on the nature of your disability and your knowledge
of the prospective employer.
When reviewing this issue, ask yourself this
question: If I disclose my disability, will I be hired? If the answer is no,
then don't do it. If, however, you feel the employer will hire you and make a
fair and reasonable accommodation, then you may wish to consider how and when to
inform the employer of your disability.
Even though the law states you do not have to
reveal your disability to a prospective employer unless it relates to the
completion of essential job functions, you may want to be open on this subject.
If you are initially candid, you may set the stage for enhanced regard by your
employer. This disclosure may be viewed as a sign of character, strength, and
confidence. How this delicate communication is made can be crucial to your
obtaining the job.
Options:
- At Referral
If you are one of the lucky job seekers
to get a foot in the employment door through a referral, you don't have to
worry about disclosing your disability. The employer probably knows about
your specific limitation. It is likely the individual who made the referral
has bridged that gap before your interview. This is ideal because during the
interview both you and the employer will likely be more comfortable.
But most people with disabilities do not have this advantage. The imposing
question of when and how to tell employers can be very distressing. In a
fair and reasonable world, you would be able to disclose your disability
openly in your resume, cover letter and during the interview. However, we
all know there is discrimination in the job market. Employers have biases
and prejudices they might not even be aware of. These may be carried into
the job screening process.
- On Your Resume
(my resume)
Often your disability is reflected in
your work history, education, and life experience. Rather than trying to
hide your disability, phrase it with proactive words. Emphasize your
adaptability, flexibility, and talents in the light of your disability. Use
words that showcase your abilities. Keep in mind that you may lose a few job
opportunities or offers if you run into the inevitable employers who are
biased. But those employers are unlikely to be fair after you are hired
anyway.
If you decide to disclose your disability in your resume, do not place it in
the opening paragraph. Weave the information into your resume in a subtle
manner.
- In Your Cover
Letter (my cover letter)
Sometimes it is to your advantage to
discuss your disability openly in a cover letter. For example, some
employers specifically recruit the disabled to meet affirmative action goals
or because they have a state or federal contract that requires hiring
disabled.
Once again, as in the resume, do not start the cover letter with details
about your disability. Follow the standard format for cover letters (see
Cover Letters that Sell) and at the end of the second paragraph, describe
your strengths and your limitations. Then continue describing how you will
perform the essential functions of the job.
- On the Application Form
Standard employment
applications may be required. Some organizations require all job hunters to
complete a standardized form. Most of the forms have a section for
disability disclosure but this is not mandatory. You do not have to disclose
your disability. You have the option but are not required by law to discuss
any aspect of your limitation. The major drawback of disclosing at this
point in the process is that you may not have room on the form to describe
accommodations or how you overcome your limitations. This could be a
disadvantage.
Large corporations often have a standardized disclosure form that can be
completed with the general application. This is also optional for you. Think
through the advantages of disclosing at this time and what you know about
the particular corporation. Some corporations or employers are very
supportive of disabled employees and this would be an appropriate time to
disclose.
- During the Interview
Shock is a common reaction if a visibly
disabled person walks into an interview session and hasn't adequately
prepared the prospective employer. This shock factor can lead to mistrust
and nervousness on the part of the interviewer. If your disability is highly
visible (for example, being wheelchair bound, blind, walking with a cane),
you may wish to prepare the employer beforehand.
A wise time to inform the interview of a visible disability could be the
time when the interviewer personally calls to set-up an appointment. Do not
disclose to a secretary or office assistant and hope the message is
diplomatically relayed.
If, however, your disability is not overtly
visible (for example, a learning disability or wearing a hearing aid), you do
not have to prepare the interviewer.
- After You've Been Offered the
Job
Many people prefer to disclose after
they have been offered the job on their talents, skills, and educational
background. This may be temporarily distressful to the prospective employer
but by that time you are hired and ready to begin work. You have passed the
competition. If your disclosure changes the hiring decision and the employer
retracts the offer, you are eligible to take legal action. The ADA does not
allow this kind of discrimination. The only drawback to waiting is the
employer may be unhappy about not knowing ahead of time and trust may be
hampered.
- After Beginning the Job
This strategy lets you shine on the job
before having to disclose a limitation. If your impairment or limitation
does not impact the initial work, this may be a solid choice. This option
gives you time to make friends with co-workers, staff, and supervisors to
strengthen your employment position.
- Never
If you believe your disability will not
impact the essential functions of your job, you may not want to tell your
supervisor or boss. Smart job hunters know telling the employer can have
tremendous effect on the success of the job search. Keep in mind this is not
the time to educate an employer. You can do that after you have worked on
the job for a length of time; or you may with never to do so. It is your
choice.
Final Issues
Timing is important. If you catch the
employer off-guard and shock him/her your chances of employment may be lessened.
This possibility could be diminished if you ask yourself several questions to
prepare yourself and your prospective employer:
- Am I comfortable and confident that I can
do the job tasks with my disability?
- Can I rehearse my answers to the interview
questions?
- If I disclose my disability at this time
and in this way, will I get hired?
Let's look at these in more detail. Are
you comfortable and confident that you can do the job tasks with your
disability? If you have the skills, education, or background that the job
requires, you may feel confident about your ability to do the job. But, are you
comfortable explaining the details of your disability? Try role playing the
situation. Have a trusted friend or family member pretend to be an interviewer
with a list of questions. Then explain to the interviewer your particular
disability, and how the disability will effect your work. Then list the benefits
of hiring you. If you are uncomfortable, try it again. With a number of
rehearsals, your comfort level will go up.
Need help finding a job? Have a look at CPC's
job listings and company database that actively hire disabled individuals.
If you have something you would like to add to the database for others, please
fill in the form at the bottom of the database page.
** Above information compiled from several websites concerning
employment and the disabled.
GO TO: Job
Index (3)
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